Russia
Europe
Russia presents immense landscapes and a profound cultural heritage, from
Moscow’s Kremlin to Siberian wilderness.
Regions of Russia
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Adygey
Adygea is a republic in southern Russia with Caucasian culture and agriculture.
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Gorno-Altay
Altai Republic is a mountainous region in Siberia with indigenous peoples and tourism.
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Altay
Altai Krai is an agricultural and industrial region in southwestern Siberia.
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Amur
Amur Oblast is in the Russian Far East with forestry and mining industries.
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Astrakhan'
Astrakhan Oblast lies on the Caspian Sea, known for fishing and oil industries.
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Bashkortostan
Bashkortostan is a republic with rich natural resources and industrial centers.
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Belgorod
Belgorod Oblast is an agricultural and industrial region near Ukraine.
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Bryansk
Bryansk Oblast is a western agricultural and industrial region.
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Buryat
Buryatia is a Siberian republic with indigenous culture and natural resources.
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Chechnya
Chechnya is a republic in the North Caucasus with a complex history and reconstruction efforts.
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Chukchi Autonomous Okrug
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug is a remote Arctic region with indigenous peoples.
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Chuvash
Chuvash Republic is a central Russian region with mixed agriculture and industry.
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Dagestan
Dagestan is a diverse republic in the North Caucasus with many ethnic groups.
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Ingush
Ingushetia is a small North Caucasus republic with complex social issues.
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Ivanovo
Ivanovo Oblast is an industrial and textile region in central Russia.
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Kamchatka
Kamchatka Krai is a remote peninsula known for volcanoes and fisheries.
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Karachay-Cherkess
Karachay-Cherkessia is a republic in the North Caucasus with ethnic diversity.
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Krasnodar
Krasnodar Krai is a southern agricultural and resort region on the Black Sea.
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Kemerovo
Kemerovo Oblast is a coal mining and industrial region in Siberia.
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Kaliningrad
Kaliningrad Oblast is a Russian exclave on the Baltic Sea with a strategic port.
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Kurgan
Kurgan Oblast is an agricultural region in the Urals.
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Khanty-Mansiy
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug is a key oil-producing region in western Siberia.
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Kirov
Kirov Oblast is a forested region in western Russia with industry.
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Khakass
Khakassia is a Siberian republic with natural resources and indigenous cultures.
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Kalmyk
Kalmykia is a republic in southern Russia known for its Buddhist culture.
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Kaluga
Kaluga Oblast is an industrial region southwest of Moscow.
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Komi
Komi Republic is a large northern region rich in forests and minerals.
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Karelia
Karelia Republic borders Finland and is known for forests and lakes.
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Kursk
Kursk Oblast is an agricultural and industrial region in western Russia.
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Krasnoyarsk
Krasnoyarsk Krai is a vast Siberian region with mining and hydroelectric power.
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Lipetsk
Lipetsk Oblast is an industrial region in western Russia.
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Maga Buryatdan
Magadan Oblast is a remote Far Eastern region with mining history.
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Mariy-El
Mari El Republic is a Volga region republic with mixed agriculture and forestry.
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Mordovia
Republic of Mordovia is a central Russian region with industry and agriculture.
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Moskovskaya
Moskovskaya Oblast surrounds Moscow city, primarily suburban and industrial, with numerous commuter towns.
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Murmansk
Murmansk Oblast is a far north Arctic region, known for its ice-free port and naval bases.
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Nenets
Nenets Autonomous Okrug is a sparsely populated Arctic region, home to indigenous Nenets people and rich in natural gas.
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Nizhegorod
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast is an important industrial and cultural center along the Volga River.
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Novosibirsk
Novosibirsk Oblast is a major Siberian region with Novosibirsk as a scientific and industrial hub.
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Omsk
Omsk Oblast is a large Siberian region with agriculture, industry, and transport importance.
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Orenburg
Orenburg Oblast lies at the border of Europe and Asia, with oil, gas, and agriculture sectors.
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Perm'
Perm Krai is an industrial and cultural region in the western Ural Mountains.
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Penza
Penza Oblast is an agricultural and industrial area in European Russia.
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Primor'ye
Primorsky Krai is a Pacific coastal region with Vladivostok as a major port and military base.
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Pskov
Pskov Oblast borders the Baltics, rich in history and rural economy.
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Rostov
Rostov Oblast is a key agricultural and industrial region in southern Russia.
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Sakha (Yakutia)
Sakha (Yakutia) Republic is the largest Russian federal subject, rich in minerals and harsh climate.
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Sakhalin
Sakhalin Oblast is a Pacific island region with oil and gas resources.
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Samara
Samara Oblast is a major industrial and economic region along the Volga River.
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North Ossetia
North Ossetia-Alania is a North Caucasus republic with a mixed economy and rich cultural heritage.
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Smolensk
Smolensk Oblast is a historic region with mixed agriculture and industry.
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City of St. Petersburg
City of St. Petersburg is Russia’s second-largest city, a cultural and economic hub on the Baltic Sea.
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Sverdlovsk
Sverdlovsk Oblast is a major industrial region in the Ural Mountains with Yekaterinburg as its center.
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Tatarstan
Tatarstan Republic is a wealthy and industrialized region with a strong oil sector.
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Tambov
Tambov Oblast is an agricultural region in central Russia with some industry.
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Tomsk
Tomsk Oblast is a Siberian region with oil, gas, and a major university city, Tomsk.
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Tula
Tula Oblast is an industrial and historical region south of Moscow.
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Tuva
Tuva Republic is a remote Siberian republic with a predominantly indigenous population.
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Tyumen'
Tyumen Oblast is a key oil and gas producing region in western Siberia.
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Udmurt
Udmurt Republic is an industrial and agricultural region in the Volga area.
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Ul'yanovsk
Ulyanovsk Oblast is an industrial and cultural region on the Volga River.
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Vologda
Vologda Oblast is known for timber industry and dairy farming.
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Voronezh
Voronezh Oblast is an important agricultural and industrial region in southwestern Russia.
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Yamal-Nenets
Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is a major Arctic gas-producing region.
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Yaroslavl'
Yaroslavl Oblast is a historic region with industry and cultural heritage.
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Chita
Zabaykalsky Krai is a Siberian region bordering Mongolia and China with mining and forestry.
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Sevastopol
Sevastopol is a port city on the Crimean Peninsula, with significant military and naval importance.
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Crimea
Crimea is a peninsula with a strategic location on the Black Sea, known for tourism, agriculture, and geopolitical importance.
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Arkhangel'sk
Arkhangelsk Oblast is a northern maritime region with shipbuilding and forestry.
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Chelyabinsk
Chelyabinsk Oblast is an industrial heartland in the Ural region.
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Irkutsk
Irkutsk Oblast is a large Siberian region, gateway to Lake Baikal.
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Kabardin-Balkar
Kabardino-Balkaria is a North Caucasus republic with mountainous terrain and tourism.
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Khabarovsk
Khabarovsk Krai is a large Far Eastern region with forestry and industry.
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Kostroma
Kostroma Oblast is a forested region in central Russia.
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Leningrad
Leningrad Oblast surrounds Saint Petersburg with mixed industry and agriculture.
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Moskva
Moskva (Moscow city) is the capital and largest city of Russia, the country's political, economic, and cultural center.
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Novgorod
Novgorod Oblast is a historic region with medieval heritage and mixed agriculture and industry.
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Orel
Orel Oblast is a central Russian agricultural region with a modest industrial base.
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Ryazan'
Ryazan Oblast is a central Russian agricultural and industrial region.
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Saratov
Saratov Oblast is a significant agricultural and industrial region on the Volga.
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Stavropol'
Stavropol Krai is a southern agricultural and energy-producing region in the North Caucasus.
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Tver'
Tver Oblast is a region northwest of Moscow with forestry and agriculture.
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Volgograd
Volgograd Oblast is a strategic agricultural and industrial region on the Volga.
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Vladimir
Vladimir Oblast is a historic region with significant medieval architecture.
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Yevrey
Jewish Autonomous Oblast is a sparsely populated Far Eastern region with unique history.
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Descripció
Russia is the world’s largest country, spanning Eastern Europe and northern Asia. It is characterized by vast and diverse landscapes, including tundra, taiga forests, mountain ranges, and historic cities. Its rich cultural heritage is shaped by centuries of history, arts, and literature, offering travelers a complex blend of tradition and modernity.
Regions and Resorts
**Key Regions:**
- **Moscow:** Political, cultural, and economic capital with iconic architecture.
- **Saint Petersburg:** Renowned for its imperial history, museums, and canals.
- **Golden Ring:** Cluster of historic towns northeast of Moscow.
- **Siberia and the Far East:** Vast wilderness, Lake Baikal, and nature reserves.
- **Sochi and the Black Sea Coast:** Popular resort area with beaches and mountains.
Suitable for cultural tourism, nature exploration, and winter sports.
Climate
Varies drastically: from arctic conditions in the north to temperate in the south.
- Winters are long and harsh in most parts; summers are short and warm.
- Best travel periods depend on region; summer (June–August) is most accessible.
Visa and Customs
- Visa required for most nationalities, often involving an invitation or sponsorship.
- Customs restrict certain items; strict regulations on food and plants.
How to Get There
- Major international airports in Moscow (Sheremetyevo, Domodedovo) and Saint Petersburg (Pulkovo).
- Direct flights from Europe, Asia, and North America.
Transport
- Extensive rail network including the Trans-Siberian Railway.
- Metro systems in major cities.
- Domestic flights for vast distances.
Car Rental
- Driving on the right.
- International driving permit recommended.
- Road conditions vary; winter driving requires caution.
Communication and Wi-Fi
Urban areas have good internet; rural connectivity is variable.
Hotels
Wide range from luxury hotels in cities to guesthouses in remote areas.
Money
- **Currency:** Russian Ruble (RUB).
- Cards widely accepted in cities; cash preferred in rural areas.
Useful Phone Numbers
- Emergency: 112 (all services), 101 (fire), 102 (police), 103 (ambulance)
Beaches
Black Sea coast offers sandy beaches; Baltic Sea coast has fewer options.
Diving
Limited recreational diving; some spots in Black Sea and Lake Baikal.
Shopping
Russian crafts, amber, lacquerware, and traditional textiles.
Cuisine and Restaurants
Russian cuisine features hearty dishes such as borscht, pelmeni, and blini, complemented by modern and regional variations.
Top destinations from the country
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