The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates located on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula. Known for its rapid development, futuristic skylines, and strong cultural roots, the UAE combines modern luxury with deep Islamic traditions. From the historic souks of Sharjah to the record-breaking towers of Dubai, and the cultural landmarks of Abu Dhabi, each emirate offers a distinct experience. The country has become a global hub for tourism, business, and innovation, while also preserving its desert heritage and Bedouin hospitality.

**Major Emirates & Highlights:**

- **Dubai:** Known for its skyscrapers, luxury hotels, artificial islands, shopping malls, and entertainment. Ideal for high-end tourism, family attractions, and nightlife.
- **Abu Dhabi:** The capital, more traditional in tone, features the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, Louvre Abu Dhabi, desert resorts, and quieter beaches. Suitable for culture-focused travel and family relaxation.
- **Sharjah:** The cultural capital of the UAE, home to museums, Islamic architecture, and heritage areas. Appeals to those interested in history and a slower pace.
- **Ras Al Khaimah:** Surrounded by mountains and beaches, this emirate offers a mix of outdoor adventure, resorts, and lower prices. Popular with couples and families.
- **Fujairah:** Located on the Gulf of Oman, known for diving, snorkelling, and mountainous terrain. Offers a relaxed, natural setting.
- **Ajman & Umm Al Quwain:** Smaller, quieter emirates with affordable beachside resorts and limited nightlife.

**Resort Areas:**
- **Palm Jumeirah & JBR (Dubai):** Upscale beachfront areas.
- **Saadiyat & Yas Island (Abu Dhabi):** Luxury resorts with cultural and entertainment options.
- **Al Aqah (Fujairah):** Coastal resorts focused on diving and relaxation.

**Desert Climate**

- **Winter (Nov–Mar):** Pleasant and dry. Daytime temperatures: 22–28°C. Ideal for tourism.
- **Spring (Apr–May):** Warmer, with increasing humidity. Daytime: 30–38°C.
- **Summer (Jun–Sep):** Very hot and humid. Temps can exceed 45°C. Indoor attractions preferred.
- **Autumn (Oct):** Gradual cooling. Daytime: 32–36°C.

Rainfall is minimal and occurs mainly between December and February.

- **Visa-free or visa on arrival** for citizens of many countries (Europe, US, UK, etc.) for stays up to 30 or 90 days.
- **E-visas** available for other nationalities.
- **No Israeli entry restrictions** as of 2020.
- **Customs:** Limits on alcohol, tobacco, and certain medications. No pork products. Prescription meds may require prior approval.

**International Airports:**

- **Dubai International (DXB):** Major hub with direct flights worldwide.
- **Abu Dhabi International (AUH):** Serves long-haul and regional flights.
- **Sharjah International (SHJ):** Budget and regional airlines.

**Direct flights** are available from most European, Asian, and American cities. **Land border crossings** exist with Oman and Saudi Arabia.

**Urban Transport:**

- **Metro:** Dubai has an efficient metro system covering major districts.
- **Buses:** Available in all emirates; reliable but slower.
- **Taxis:** Widely available, metered, safe. Uber and Careem operate in Dubai and Abu Dhabi.

**Inter-emirate Travel:**

- **Buses:** Inexpensive public routes between cities.
- **Car:** Highways are excellent; driving between emirates is straightforward.

**Tips:** Avoid peak hours in Dubai. Use Nol card in Dubai for public transport.

- **Requirements:** Passport, valid driver's license, and often an International Driving Permit (IDP).
- **Age limit:** Usually 21 or 25 depending on car type.
- **Rules:** Right-hand driving. Speed cameras common. Zero-tolerance policy on alcohol.
- **Prices:** Moderate; fuel is inexpensive.
- **Tips:** Use navigation apps to avoid toll roads and traffic.

- **Wi-Fi:** Free in most hotels, malls, airports, and public areas.
- **SIM cards:** Available at airport counters and telecom shops (Etisalat, Du, Virgin).
- **Tourist SIM packages:** Offer generous data with short validity. E-SIMs also available.
- **WhatsApp/Skype calls:** Voice over IP (VoIP) is restricted. Use Zoom or apps with local permission (e.g., BOTIM, C'Me).

**Accommodation Types:**

- **Luxury Hotels & Resorts:** Common in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Ras Al Khaimah.
- **Mid-range Hotels:** Found in all emirates, especially near airports and business districts.
- **Apartments & Serviced Residences:** Popular for longer stays.
- **Desert Resorts:** Offer an immersive experience with Bedouin-style hospitality.

**Prices:** Vary by season. Expect high rates during winter and major events.

- **Currency:** UAE Dirham (AED).
- **Payments:** Credit cards accepted nearly everywhere.
- **ATMs:** Plentiful and multilingual.
- **Budget Range:**
- Budget: AED 250–400/day
- Mid-range: AED 500–900/day
- Luxury: AED 1,500+/day
- **Tipping:** 10–15% in restaurants, optional but appreciated elsewhere.

- Emergency (Police/Fire/Ambulance): 999
- Tourist Info (Dubai): +971 600 555559
- Abu Dhabi Tourism: +971 2 444 0444
- Etisalat Customer Care: 101
- Airport (DXB): +971 4 224 5555
- Embassy of USA: +971 2 414 2200

**Popular Beaches:**

- **Jumeirah Beach (Dubai):** White sand, public access, facilities.
- **Kite Beach (Dubai):** Active crowd, watersports.
- **Saadiyat Beach (Abu Dhabi):** Protected coastline, quieter.
- **Al Aqah Beach (Fujairah):** Mountain backdrop, snorkeling.

**Features:** Clean, family-friendly, warm waters year-round. Best time: October to May.

**Diving Spots:**

- **Fujairah:** Coral reefs, wreck dives, turtle sightings. Best in spring and autumn.
- **Dubai:** Artificial reefs and wrecks like Zainab and MV Ludwig.

**Conditions:** Visibility varies (5–20m). Suitable for all levels. Numerous certified dive centers and resorts provide equipment and guided dives.

**What to Buy:**

- Gold & Jewelry (Dubai Gold Souk)
- Perfumes and Oud
- Spices and dates
- Designer fashion and electronics
- Local crafts and souvenirs

**Where:**
- **Dubai Mall, Mall of the Emirates, Yas Mall:** International brands.
- **Souks (Deira, Sharjah):** Traditional shopping experience.

**Tips:** Tax-free system in place. VAT refunds possible at airports for eligible purchases.

**Local & Regional Cuisine:**

- **Dishes to Try:**
- Shawarma and kebabs
- Machboos (spiced rice with meat)
- Harees (wheat and meat porridge)
- Luqaimat (sweet dumplings)

- **Dining Options:**
- High-end international restaurants in Dubai and Abu Dhabi.
- Street food in Al Rigga (Dubai) and Sharjah.
- Emirati cuisine in cultural districts and heritage villages.

Most international cuisines are available. Alcohol served only in licensed venues (mostly hotel restaurants).